Serum uric acid is associated with coronary artery calcification in early chronic kidney disease: a cross-sectional study

Background Although uric acid (UA) is regarded as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, whether UA is an independent risk factor contributing to coronary artery calcification in chronic kidney disease (CKD) is not well known. We evaluated whether UA level is associated with coronary artery calcium (CAC) score in a predialysis CKD cohort. Methods A total of 1,350 subjects who underwent coronary computed tomography as part of the KoreaN Cohort Study for Outcome in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease were analysed. We conducted a logistic regression analysis to evaluate the association between UA and the presence of CAC. Results CAC was detected in 705 (52.2 %) patients, and the level of UA was significantly higher in CAC > 0 patients. UA showed a positive relationship with CAC > 0 in age- and sex-adjusted logistic regression analysis (Odds ratio (OR) 1.11, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.04-1.19, P = 0.003). However, UA showed no association with CAC > 0 in multivariate analysis. Further analysis showed that UA showed a positive association with CAC > 0 only in estimated glomerual filtration rate (eGFR) > 60 ml/min/1.73 m(2) (OR 1.23, 95 % CI 1.02-1.49, P = 0.036) but not in eGFR 30-59 ml/min/1.73 m(2) (OR 0.92, 95 % CI 0.78-1.08, P = 0.309) or < 30 ml/min/1.73 m(2) (OR 0.92, 95 % CI 0.79-1.08, P = 0.426). Conclusions UA level was significantly associated with CAC in early CKD, but not in advanced CKD.