Bimetallic carbon nanocatalysts for methanol steam reforming in conventional and membrane reactors

In this paper we report the results obtained by a comparative study of catalytic activity of bimetallic (Ru-Rh, Ni-Cu) catalysts synthesized on a surface of different carbon supports: detonation nanodiamonds (DND), infrared pyrolyzed polyacrylonitrile, carbon black Vulcan-XC-72, in steam reforming of methanol (MSR) for hydrogen production. All obtained catalysts were characterized by N-2 physisorption, SEM, TEM, FTIR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction. It was shown, that activity of catalysts and products distribution depends on metal type, support material and the specific surface area. Support effect was investigated for Ru-Rh system. DND showed the best properties as a catalyst support. Ru-Rh system is more active than Cu-Ni as it is shown on the example of DND supported catalysts. Comparative study between conventional (CR) and membrane (MR) reactors was carried out. MR represented a flow system with a plane Pd-containing membrane. The effect of different catalysts on the MR performances as well as a general comparison of the experimental results was considered. Obtained results demonstrate the ability of the membrane to increase the reaction conversion. The hydrogen stream produced from the MR is ultra pure: especially, it is CO-free and thus suitable to be directly fed to a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.