We reviewed 55 patients with esophageal atresia who were treated from 1964 to 1995 in our department, The survival rate of esophagial atresia has markedly improved as time went on. The morbidity (anastomotic leakage and pulmonary complication) has been also decreased, These results were thought to be owing to the modern advances in surgical management, including respiratory and circulatory intensive care. However, some cases of late death were observed, Therefore long-term postoperative care is considered to be essential in the management of such patients,