Investigate the effect of the Nano zero valent iron and Nano titanium in the genetic materials of the living cell

Current knowledge of chemicals may not be sufficient to predict the toxicity of nanomaterial to humans, especially the synthesis of DNA inside the cell, so research in this area is necessary to predict these risks. In this study, the effect of the addition of zero-valent iron nanoparticle and Titanium dioxide nanoparticle on serum cellular material was studied. Iron nanostructures were prepared using sodium borohydride (NaBH4) as a reducing agent. Titanium dioxide was purified and crystallized in the laboratory for the purpose of use in this research. Iron and titanium nanostructures were diagnosed with Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometry (FTIR) and XRD (X-ray) spectra. The change in the DNA phenotype was monitored through the comet examination method, whereby a fluorescent microscope was used to monitor the change of DNA and to calculate the number of dead cells by comparing the sample and the reference in the experiment. Different concentrations of Nano scale iron and titanium dioxide were used (30 mg/ ml, 5omg/ml and 100 mg/ml). It was found that the concentration of 100 mg/ml of the nanomaterial under investigation is the most effective for both Nano scale iron (Fe-0) and titanium dioxide (TiO2). The result appears that the effect of titanium dioxide is more than the effect of Nano scale iron by increasing the number of dead cells via a percentage of 5.3% and 4%, respectively. Experience has shown that Nano zero valent iron has less toxic effect than titanium dioxide. In addition, the results showed a clear change in DNA morphology. The number of dead cells within the living cells understudy after the addition of nanoparticles with different concentrations, indicating the danger of nanomaterial on the genetic material of the human living cell. (C) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the 3rd International Conference on Materials Engineering & Science.