Early Goal-Directed Renal Replacement Therapy in Acute Decompensated Heart Failure Patients with Cardiorenal Syndrome

Introduction: The aim of this study was to clarify the efficacy of early goal-directed renal replacement therapy (GDRRT) for treatment of cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) patients after acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF). Methods: In the retrospective, observational study, we enrolled 54 patients in the early GDRRT group and 63 patients in the late GDRRT group. Baseline characteristics, clinical data at initiation renal replacement therapy time, and the clinical outcome were collected and several parameters were compared and analyzed between 2 groups. Results: The urine volume at GDRRT initiation time in the early group was higher than that in the late GDRRT group (1,060.3 +/- 332.1 vs. 300.5 +/- 148.3 mL, p < 0.001). Hemodynamic parameters such as mean artery pressure were higher (70.06 +/- 32.99 vs. 54.34 +/- 40.88 mm Hg, p = 0.012), the heart rate was slower (80.17 +/- 15.26 vs. 99.21 +/- 25.45 bpm, p = 0.002), and the diameter of inferior vena cava was narrower (22.00 +/- 1.91 vs. 25.77 +/- 5.5 mm, p = 0.04) in early GDRRT. Primary end point was inhospital all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality, which was obviously lower in the early GDRRT group (respectively 24.1 vs. 60.3%, p = 0.002 and 20.3 vs. 50.8%, p = 0.005). The second end point of kidney recovery in the early GDRRT group was much better than that in the latter GDRRT group (p = 0.018). Moreover, urine volume after GDRRT of the early group was more significant than that of the late group (1,432 +/- 172 vs. 702 +/- 183 mL, p = 0.005). Conclusion: This study clarified the effectiveness of the early GDRRT strategy in ADHF patients suffered from CRS, which reduced inhospital mortality and improved the urine output and clinical kidney recovery outcome.