Association of Fc gamma receptor IIA Polymorphisms with acute renal-allograft rejection

Acute rejection is a leading cause of early renal-allograft failure. The human Fc gamma receptor IIA (FcgammaRIIA) forms an essential link between the humoral branch and the effector cells of the immune system. In this study, we examined FcgammaRIIA genotypes in renal-allograft recipients (rejectors) with acute graft rejection and in a number of control groups to investigate a possible association between FcgammaRIIA polymorphism and acute renal-allograft rejection. The distribution of the genotypes in the study patient group differed from the control groups. The frequency of homozygosity for FcgammaRIIA-R/R131 in the rejectors was significantly higher than that in the recipients (nonrejectors) with well-functioning renal allografts and in blood donors (P < 0.05). In comparison with the control groups, the rejectors displayed a higher R131 allele frequency (P < 0.05) and a lower H131 allele frequency (P < 0.05). These results reveal a significant association between FcgammaRIIA-R/R131 and acute renal-graft rejection, and it is likely that FcgammaRIIA polymorphisms could be useful markers for potential risk of rejection.