In vitro water resistance testing using SPF simulation based on spectroscopic analysis of rinsed sunscreens

被引:4
|
作者
Sohn, M. [1 ]
Malburet, C. [1 ]
Caliskan, G. [1 ]
Buechse, A. [2 ]
Grumelard, J. [1 ]
Chambert, M. [1 ]
Herzog, B. [1 ]
机构
[1] BASF Grenzach GmbH, Kochlinstr 1, D-79639 Grenzach Whylen, Germany
[2] BASF SE, Carl Bosch Str 38, D-67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany
关键词
correlation in vitro and in vivo; in vitro measurements; sunscreens; water resistance retention; SUN PROTECTION FACTOR; ULTRAVIOLET-RADIATION; CARE PRODUCTS; SUBSTRATE; SKIN; PERFORMANCE; THICKNESS; INVITRO; VIVO;
D O I
10.1111/ics.12455
中图分类号
O69 [应用化学];
学科分类号
081704 ;
摘要
ObjectiveWater resistance retention (WRR) is the third performance attribute of sunscreens. Today, the standardized method for testing WRR is performed in vivo. For screening purposes, an in vitro method is highly preferable. Up to now, however, available methods have failed in accurately predicting in vivo WRR. In this study, we examine a novel in vitro approach aimed at enhancing in vivo prediction of WRR. MethodsWe investigated two approaches, including a traditional procedure referred to as the plate method', which involves measuring in vitro sun-protection factor (SPF) before and after water immersion, and a new approach termed the solution method'. The latter employed a computational method to calculate the SPF using UV transmittance measurements of a sunscreen solution, obtained by rinsing the substrate without water immersion and with water immersion. It also had a model function for describing film irregularity. The aim was to avoid the effect of substrate-to-product affinity on the film distribution, which impacts the measured absolute value of the in vitro SPF occurring in the conventional approach. For both methodologies, we assessed two substrates for the sunscreen application based on different polymers, the widely used polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and the ethylene methacrylate acid copolymer (EMA). ResultsThe agreement between in vivo and in vitro WRR values obtained from each of the four test conditions was analysed using different sunscreens. No correlation was found between in vivo and in vitro WRR using the plate method, independently of the plate type. In contrast, the solution method, using EMA plates, revealed a significant correlation between in vivo and in vitro results, with an especially high correlation for in vivo non-water-resistant sunscreens. The results of two operators were comparable. The solution method was unsuitable for PMMA plates. ConclusionDespite the small discrepancy remaining between WRR values obtained from the in vitro solution method and in vivo method, which itself shows variability in results, this work provided a new insight into the in vitro testing of water resistance of sunscreens. Resume ObjectifLa resistance a leau est le troisieme attribut de performance dun produit solaire. Actuellement, la methode standard approuvee pour la determination de ce critere est operee in vivo. Pour un premier criblage de la resistance a leau durant la phase de developpement dun solaire, une methode in vitro est fortement preferable. Cependant, a ce jour, les methodes disponibles ont echoue a predire de facon sure de la valeur in vivo du facteur de resistance a leau. Dans cet article, nous decrivons une approche in vitro alternative visant a augmenter la prevision in vivo de la resistance a leau des produits solaires. MethodesNous avons compare deux methodes; la methode traditionnelle appelee ci-apres << methode des plaques >> qui consiste a mesurer le facteur de protection solaire (FPS) avant et apres une immersion dans leau, et la nouvelle methode presentee appelee << methode de la solution >>. Cette derniere est basee sur le calcul du FPS a partir des mesures de transmission UV dune solution du produit solaire obtenue par rincage du substrat soumis et non soumis a une immersion dans leau. Dans cette approche, lirregularite du film est decrite par une fonction modele, le but etant deviter leffet de laffinite du produit pour le substrat sur la distribution du film qui impacte la valeur absolue du FPS in vitro mesure avec la methode traditionnelle. Pour les deux methodologies, deux substrats ont ete evalue pour lapplication du produit, lun a base du tres largement utilise polymethacrylate de methyle (PMMA) et lautre a base du copolymer dethylene et dacide methacrylique (EMA). ResultatsPour chacune des quatre conditions de test, la correlation entre les valeurs de resistance a leau obtenues in vivo et in vitro est basee sur levaluation de differents produits solaires. Aucune correlation na pu etre etablie entre les valeurs in vivo et in vitro mesurees a l'aide de la methode des plaques, independamment du type de plaque. En revanche, la nouvelle methode, << methode de la solution >>, avec les plaques dEMA a montre une correlation significative entre les valeurs in vitro et in vivo, et ce particulierement pour les produits solaires mesures non resistants a leau dans le test in vivo. Les resultats in vitro obtenus par deux operateurs se sont montres comparables. La methode de la solution s'est revelee etre inappropriee pour les plaques de PMMA. ConclusionMalgre la petite divergence subsistante entre les valeurs mesurees in vitro avec la methode de la solution et celles mesurees in vivo avec la methode standard, qui elle-meme montre une variabilite importante dans les valeurs, ce travail a ouvert une nouvelle perspective dans levaluation in vitro de la resistance a leau de produits solaires.
引用
收藏
页码:217 / 225
页数:9
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