Series of green CaAl2O4:Tb3+ phosphors were first prepared by the Self-Propagating Combustion Synthesis (SPCS) methods. The unit cell of CaAl2O4:Tb3+ was confirmed monoclinic system with a space group P21/n by XRD analysis. Lattice constant refinement was a = 8.6831 angstrom, b = 8.0728 angstrom, c = 15.1890 angstrom, beta = 90.1647 degrees, Z = 12. The completely precise peaks were observed in surprise from excitation and emission spectra. Rare excitation absorption of Tb3+ coming from 4f(8)-> 4f(7)5d(1) appeared in excitation spectra at 220-320nm. Emission spectra indicated that emission peaks were attributed to D-5(4)-> F-7(J) (J = 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0) at 500nm-700nm and D-5(3)-> F-7(J) at 380nm-500nm. Vibration feature of products were investigated by FT-IR spectra. SEM revealed products had smooth surface, the better crystallization.