Modern topics in theoretical nuclear physics

Over the past five years there have been profound advances in nuclear physics based on effective field theory and the renormalization group. In this review, we summarize these advances and discuss how they impact our understanding of nuclear systems and experiments that seek to unravel their unknowns. We discuss future opportunities and focus on modern topics in low-energy nuclear physics, with special attention on the strong connections to many-body atomic and condensed-matter physics, as well as to astrophysics. This makes it an exciting era for nuclear physics.