Evaluation of the CT imaging findings in the diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension due to chronic thromboembolism

Purpose Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is the only pulmonary hypertension that can be treated surgically. Multidedector computerized tomography angiography (MDCTA) is considered as an important tool. In this study, the important CT findings of CTEPH and the vascular MDCTA findings of CTEPH were classified as central, peripheral, central and peripheral. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between these groups with parenchymal and hemodynamic findings. Materials and Methods MDCTA examinations of 26 patients who had been diagnosed with CTEPH were retrospectively reviewed. Vascular, cardiac and parenchymal findings were examined in MDCTA. Patients were divided into three groups as peripheral, central and peripheral and central chronic thromboembolism. The relationship between these groups with demographic, vascular, parenchymal and hemodynamic findings was investigated. Results The most common vascular finding was the wall filling defects attached to the lobar and/or segmental arterial walls, while the parenchymal finding was the fibrotic shrinkage. There were no statistically significant differences between the three groups compared to parenchymal findings which are mosaic pattern, brochiectasis, fibrotic changes and atelectasis, pulmonary artery diameter, right atrial diameter and RV/LV ratio. Age and sex were not different in patients between the three groups. Conclusion The results of the this study confirm the important role of MDCTA in the evaluation of vascular, cardiac and parenchymal findings in the patients with CTEPH and identifying patients that would most benefit from surgical treatment by visualization of the segmental and subsegmental branches of the pulmonary arteries.