Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive imaging technique with widespread use in diagnosis. Frequently, contrast in MRI is enhanced with the aid of a contrast agent, among which smart, responsive, OFF/ON or activatable probes are of particular interest. These kinds of probes elicit a response to selective stimuli, evidencing the presence of enzymes or acidic pH, for instance. In this review, we will focus on smart probes that are detectable by both H-1 and F-19 MRI, frequently based on nanomaterials. We will discuss the triggering factors and the strategies employed thus far to activate each probe.
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Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and iChem, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai,200433, ChinaDepartment of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and iChem, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai,200433, China
Yang, Yanling
Zhang, Fan
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Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and iChem, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai,200433, ChinaDepartment of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and iChem, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai,200433, China
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Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Nanomed, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Jonathan & Karin Fielding Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USAUniv Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Nanomed, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
Ma, Tiancong
Xia, Tian
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Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Nanomed, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USAUniv Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Nanomed, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
机构:
Leibniz Forschungsinst Mol Pharmakol Berlin, Med Chem, D-13125 Berlin, GermanyLeibniz Forschungsinst Mol Pharmakol Berlin, Med Chem, D-13125 Berlin, Germany
Brennecke, Benjamin
Wang, Qinghua
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Peking Union Med Coll & Chinese Acad Med Sci, Inst Mat Med, State Key Lab Bioact Subst & Funct Nat Med, Beijing 100050, Peoples R ChinaLeibniz Forschungsinst Mol Pharmakol Berlin, Med Chem, D-13125 Berlin, Germany
Wang, Qinghua
Haap, Wolfgang
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F Hoffmann La Roche Ltd, Roche Innovat Ctr Basel, Pharma Res & Early Dev, CH-4070 Basel, SwitzerlandLeibniz Forschungsinst Mol Pharmakol Berlin, Med Chem, D-13125 Berlin, Germany
Haap, Wolfgang
Grether, Uwe
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F Hoffmann La Roche Ltd, Roche Innovat Ctr Basel, Pharma Res & Early Dev, CH-4070 Basel, SwitzerlandLeibniz Forschungsinst Mol Pharmakol Berlin, Med Chem, D-13125 Berlin, Germany
Grether, Uwe
Hu, Hai-Yu
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Peking Union Med Coll & Chinese Acad Med Sci, Inst Mat Med, State Key Lab Bioact Subst & Funct Nat Med, Beijing 100050, Peoples R ChinaLeibniz Forschungsinst Mol Pharmakol Berlin, Med Chem, D-13125 Berlin, Germany
Hu, Hai-Yu
Nazare, Marc
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Leibniz Forschungsinst Mol Pharmakol Berlin, Med Chem, D-13125 Berlin, GermanyLeibniz Forschungsinst Mol Pharmakol Berlin, Med Chem, D-13125 Berlin, Germany