Energetical analysis of unbalanced central heating systems

The main goal of the central heating design process is to obtain appropriate thermal comfort minimising the investment and operational costs. This scope could be theoretical realised with the available modern control techniques. However practice has schown that, if the preconditions are not fulfilled the correct operation of the heating system could not be assured even by the most sophisticated control equipment. Therefore, the control elements could not fulfil their function if the warm water flow differs from the designed value and the thermal comfort is not realised unless with higher energy consumption. In this paper the operation of unbalanced central heating systems is studied and the thermal comfort and the energy consumption are analysed. In this purpose some calculus models are developed.