A Review of Wave Spectrum Models as Applied to the Problem of Radar Probing of the Sea Surface

The most common models of the wind wave spectrum are reviewed, and the compliance of the studied spectra with several fundamental criteria is estimated. These criteria are the ability to simulate diverse wave climate and agreement between model-based calculations of the mean square slope and experimental data. The spreading function of the spectrum should also correspond to the experimentally measured Doppler spectrum, while the dependence of the radar backscatter cross section should conform to geophysical model functions for various wavelength ranges of incident electromagnetic radiation at moderate incidence angles (20-60 degrees). An analysis has shown that none of the considered spectrum models fully satisfies all the criteria; thus, a new spectrum model for wind waves was developed. Boundary wave numbers for various wavelength ranges of incident electromagnetic radiation within the framework of a two-scale surface model were determined for the new model. The spectrum model can be used to simulate ripple attenuation in oil slicks and to calculate the radar backscatter cross section inside slick.