Factors associated with anxiety among elderly hypertensive in primary care setting

Background: There is increasing evidence showing that anxiety is associated with morbidity in the older age group. Factors contributing to anxiety may vary among different diseases and settings. Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the factors associated with anxiety symptoms among elderly hypertensive at the primary care level. Methods: A cross-sectional study and face-to-face interviews using Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were conducted among elderly hypertensive. Results: The mean (SD) age of subjects was 68.8 (6.76) years and comprised of 49.5% and 50.5% of males and females, respectively. The majority of respondents were Malays (76.1%), followed by Chinese (14.3%), and Indians (9.5%). The mean (SD) duration of hypertension was 8.44 (7.29) years and the prevalence of anxiety symptoms was 13.3% (95% CI: 9.9, 16.7). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that elderly hypertensive with a past history of stroke (adjusted OR: 4.472; 95% CI: 1.754, 11.405; p = 0.002) and depression (adjusted OR: 3.715; 95% CI: 2.009, 6.872; p<0.001) was significantly associated with the factors for anxiety. Conclusion: Elderly hypertensive with a history of stroke and having depressive symptoms are susceptible to get the anxiety. Therefore, screenings of risk factors and early intervention may improve the quality of life among elderly.