Early 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 Supplementation Effectively Lowers the Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus via Ameliorating Inflammation In KK-Ay Mice

Few studies have been performed to investigate the effect of vitamin D supplementation and T2DM in type 2 diabetic animal models. The present study aimed to explore the relationship between early 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-3 [1,25(OH)(2)D-3] and the incidence of T2DM and determine whether early 1,25(OH)(2)D-3 supplementation was associated with inflammation in KK-A(y) mice. The KK-A(y) mice were divided into 4 vitamin D treatment groups, the low-dose vitamin D supplementation group (VDS-L, 1.5 mu g/kg 1,25(OH)(2)D-3), moderate-dose vitamin D supplementation group (VDS-M, 3.0 mu g/kg 1,25(OH)(2)D-3), high-dose vitamin D supplementation group (VDS-H, 6.0 mu g/kg 1,25(OH)(2)D-3) and the model control group (MC). C57BL/6J mice were used as the controls. The treatment period lasted for 9 wk. During this treatment period, fasting blood glucose (FBG) level of the mice was measured on a weekly basis. The levels of lipid profile, insulin and inflammation biomarkers were determined after 9 wk of 1,25(OH)(2)D-3 intragastric gavage. After 9 wk of 1,25(OH)(2)D-3 intragastric gavage, FBG level was significantly decreased in the vitamin D treatment groups compared with the MC group. The number of T2DM incidence in the VDS-L group (n=7), VDS-M group (n= 5) and VDS-H group (n= 3) was lower than those in the MC group (n=10) on week 9. Moreover, serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the vitamin D treatment groups were significantly suppressed by 1,25(OH)(2)D-3 administration compared with the MC group. Early 1,25(OH)(2)D-3 supplementation could effectively lower the incidence of T2DM via ameliorating inflammation in KK-A(y) mice.