Research on Location Selection of Electric Vehicle Charging Station Based on Improved Immune Algorithm

With the rapid development of technology and the strong support of the government, the development of electric vehicles is getting faster and faster. One of the most important factors affecting the development of electric vehicles is the construction of charging stations. In order to solve the problem of electric vehicle charging station construction, a comprehensive model of electric vehicle charging station location is proposed. In the model, the influence of the distance from the charging user to the charging station and the traffic volume of the road network on the selection of the user's charging station is fully considered. The immune algorithm is introduced into the charging station location planning problem, and the antibody fitness and antibody concentration are fully considered when solving. In order to avoid the elimination of high fitness individuals, an improved adaptive immune algorithm is proposed. The algorithm dynamically adjusts the crossover probability and the concentration according to the fitness. The probability of mutation is to achieve the purpose of searching for the optimal solution of the problem as soon as possible. Taking the real data of 48 junction nodes in a certain area as an example, the optimal location and number of charging stations are found. Finally, through a comparative analysis of different algorithms, it is verified that the improved adaptive immune algorithm has faster convergence speed and better fitness value in solving the location of electric vehicle charging stations.