Impact of local living environment on innovation efficiency of high-tech industries in China: a spatial analysis

Environmental problems not only relate to residents' happiness but also challenge the innovation development of industries. This study first measures the innovation efficiency of China's high-tech industries using the super-efficiency data envelopment analysis model and portrays its spatial characteristics through the Moran's I index and the local indicators of spatial association map. Second, we use the entropy weight method to construct the local living environment index from both natural and social environments. Finally, we utilize spatial econometric models to analyze the impact of local living environment on high-tech industries' innovation efficiency. The results reveal that, first, the spatial variation of innovation efficiency in China's high-tech industries is significant, with efficiency being higher in the east than the Midwest, and higher in the south than the north. Second, innovation efficiency has a positive adjacent and geographical spatial autocorrelation, and low-low agglomeration and low-high agglomeration dominate the types of spatial correlation. Finally, the contribution of the local living environment to the innovation efficiency of high-tech industries is positive and significant. This contribution has an obvious spatial spillover effect and regional heterogeneity. This study can help regional governments to improve local living environments and promote industrial innovation and development.