TRPV1 and TRPV4 channels: Potential therapeutic targets for ischemic conditioning-induced cardioprotection

Besides the involvement of TRPV channels in exhibiting various cellular functions including thermoregulation, pain perception, maintenance of bone homeostasis and gastrointestinal function; certain studies have also implicated the putative role of these channels in mediating ischemic conditioning induced cardioprotection. The potential role of TRPVI channels in different forms of ischemic conditioning (pre/post/remote)-induced cardioprotection has been described by employing TRPVI knockout mice and various pharmacological modulators. The cardioprotective effects of TRPV1 activation during ischemic conditioning have been linked with increased CGRP, substance P release and augmented ALOX expression. Furthermore, the role of TRPV4 channels in mediating preconditioning-induced preservation of vascular function in terms restoring NO- and further improving EDH(F)-mediated endothelial relaxation has been described. The present review discusses the putative role of TRPV1 and TRPV4 channels in mediating different forms of conditioning (pre/post/remote)-induced carchoprotection along with the possible mechanisms. Future perspectives have also been described to fully understand the cascade of signaling and contribution of TRPV channel activation during myocardial ischemic conditioning. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved