Preliminary investigations into a potential ant invader in Kruger National Park, South Africa

被引:7
|
作者
Sithole, Hendrik [2 ]
Smit, Izak P. J. [2 ]
Parr, Catherine L. [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Oxford, Ctr Environm, Environm Change Inst, Sch Geog & Environm, Oxford OX1 3QY, England
[2] Kruger Natl Pk, Sci Serv, Skukuza, South Africa
关键词
detection; Formicidae; invasive; Lepsiota incisa; protected area; savanna; INTRASPECIFIC AGGRESSION; PHEIDOLE-MEGACEPHALA; ARGENTINE ANT; COMMUNITIES; PATTERNS; INVASION; COMPETITION; DIVERSITY; SUCCESS;
D O I
10.1111/j.1365-2028.2009.01171.x
中图分类号
Q14 [生态学(生物生态学)];
学科分类号
071012 ; 0713 ;
摘要
The super-abundance of Lepisiota incisa (Forel) in settlement areas of Kruger National Park, South Africa has raised concerns that it might be exotic and could negatively impact on natural ecosystems. We documented the current distribution of this ant species around the main settlement in Kruger, assessed how ant diversity varies across habitats, and investigated potential mechanisms facilitating dominance by L. incisa. Around the main camp of Skukuza, pitfall traps were set in five habitats differing in anthropogenic influence. Baiting trails were conducted to determine whether L. incisa and native ants differed in numerical and behavioural dominance. Aggression assays were performed on L. incisa to provide information on colony structure. Although L. incisa was found in all habitats, it had a significantly higher abundance in gardens and appears confined to human-disturbed areas. It was numerically dominant recruiting more workers to food baits than all other ant species combined. Aggression levels were low between most nests of L. incisa indicating a potential supercolony structure. More information is urgently needed on the genetics, physiology and origins of L. incisa, and monitoring of its current distribution is recommended. This species warrants attention because there may be significant potential for overseas invasion.Resume La surabondance de Lepisiota incisa (Forel) dans des zones d'installations du Parc National Kruger, en Afrique du Sud, a suscite des inquietudes quant au fait que cette espece pourrait etre exotique et avoir un impact negatif sur des ecosystemes naturels. Nous avons documente la distribution actuelle de cette espece de fourmi autour de la principale installation dans le Kruger, evalue comment la diversite des fourmis varie selon les habitats et etudie les mecanismes eventuels qui pourraient faciliter la dominance de L. incisa. On a installe des pieges autour du camp principal de Skukuza, dans cinq habitats ou l'influence anthropogenique differe. On a realise des pistes appats pour determiner si L. incisa et les fourmis indigenes differaient en matiere de dominance numerique et comportementale. Nous avons fait des essais d'agression sur L. incisa pour donner des informations sur la structure de la colonie. Bien que l'on ait trouveL. incisa dans tous les habitats, elle etait beaucoup plus abondante dans les jardins et elle semble se confiner aux endroits perturbes par les hommes. Elle etait numeriquement dominante, recrutant plus d'ouvrieres pour les appats que toutes les autres especes mises ensemble. Le niveau d'agression entre la plupart des nids de L. incisaetait bas, ce qui indique peut-etre une structure de super-colonie. Il faut obtenir d'urgence d'autres informations sur la genetique, la physiologie et les origines de L. incisa et l'on recommande de faire le suivi de sa distribution actuelle. Cette espece merite l'attention parce qu'elle peut certainement etre une espece invasive outre-mer.
引用
收藏
页码:736 / 743
页数:8
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