Costs for ozone in small potable water systems

Costs for incorporating ozone into small drinking water plants vary widely, due to differences in types of influent waters (surface vs ground), levels of contaminants to be treated, and other ozonation performance targets. More important, very little cost data are available based on actual small-scale ozone installations. In this paper, the authors have compiled real-world capital and operating costs for ozone systems in small water plants in the USA (primarily in the states of Washington, California, and Illinois). Water system sizes range from those serving 10,000 persons down to those serving individual homes.