Association between matrix metalloproteinase-2 gene variants and pathogenesis of breast cancer in sera of Iraqi women

Objective: The current study aims to investigate the role of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) in breast cancer pathogenesis in Iraqi women. Methods: Forty-one (41) women with breast cancer and 45 control women were included in this case-control study. Body mass index, age, smoking; married status, tumor size, degree, subtype, lymph node status, pre- and post-menopause were included the phenotypic results. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-allele specific restriction was used to observe the rs243865 polymorphism. Genomic DNA was extracted from whole blood and genotyping with specific prefixes for amplification of the MMP-2 gene was accomplished as enzyme-restricted PCR products were digested, followed by electrophoresis on 1.5% agarose gel. In order to interpret the researchers' results, numerous statistical analyses were applied. Results: The amplicon size of MMP-2 gene was 304 bp, and following its amplification reactions by allelic specific PCR. The amplification product for MMP-2 gene amplification SNP rs243865 gene polymorphism results exhibited one band of 304 bp, two bands of 304 bp, and one band 304 bp for individuals have genotype as wild type (CC), homozygous ( TT), and heterozygous (CT), respectively. Genotype frequencies of rs243865 polymorphism were found to be consistent with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Allele frequencies of C allele was 0.57, and the T allele was only 0.43 in cases of breast cancer women patient, while the frequencies of CC, CT, and TT genotypes of the rs243865 SNP were statistically significant as 31.7%, 51.2%, 17.1%, respectively. Allele frequencies of C and T were 0.78 and 0.22 for the control group, respectively, the heterozygous genotype (CT) was significantly increased the risk of breast cancer women (OR=0.3, 95% CI; 0.12-0.8, P=0.05) with respect to those of the CC wild type. The TT genotype significantly raised the risk of breast cancer women by (OR = 0.2, 95% CI; 0.04-0.9, P=0.05). Conclusion: In women with breast cancer, MMP-2 expression's high association were observed with positive lymph node, histological classification of breast cancer (ll) was higher than other classes and advanced clinical process (ll).