Purpose: The purpose of this article is to introduce the concept of core self-evaluations (CSE), which is conceptualized as the overall, fundamental perception that individuals have about their worth and capability as people (Judge, Locke, Durham, & Kluger, 1998). CSE is a higher order variable that is reflective of the self-concept and comprises personality traits including self-esteem, generalized self-efficacy, locus of control, and emotional stability. Method: In this article, the theoretical background of the CSE construct is reviewed, the existing literature on CSE in the general population is summarized, and future directions for the use of CSE in rehabilitation psychology research and clinical settings is proposed. Implications: CSE has great potential as a global positive contributor of well-being in persons with disabilities, and research addressing its relationship with outcomes such as well-being and its clinical applications has great promise to augment rehabilitation psychology practice in the future.