Association of serum betatrophin with fibroblast growth factor-21 in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

Purpose Betatrophin and fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF-21), which are recently discovered members of hepatokine/adipokine family, have been proposed to be associated with some metabolic disorders in which insulin resistance plays a major role. Methods We aimed to investigate serum betatrophin and FGF-21 concentrations in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). In this cross-sectional study, we recruited 31 women with PCOS and 34 women as healthy controls. Serum betatrophin level and its relationship with serum FGF-21 level as well as metabolic parameters were examined. Results Serum betatrophin level was significantly higher in women with PCOS than the control group [1.10 (0.20-4.20) vs 0.70 (0.20-3.50) ng/ml, p = 0.004], whereas FGF-21 did not differ between the groups [74.80 (7.80-435.90) vs 119.30 (10.50-443.40) pg/ml, p = 0.13]. Serum betatrophin correlated positively with LH levels (r = 0.26, p = 0.03). After controlling BMI, there was a significant positive correlation between betatrophin and FGF-21 (r = 0.25, p = 0.04). Multivariate regression analysis revealed that FGF-21 and presence of PCOS were the significant predictors of betatrophin concentrations (R-2 = 0.22, F = 2.56, p = 0.03). Conclusions Our results indicate that betatrophin levels are increased and associated with LH and FGF-21 levels, but not with insulin resistance, in women with PCOS.