Histopathological and Clinical Evaluation of Non Neoplastic Intestinal Lesions: A Cross-sectional Prospective Study in a Quaternary Care Centre, Gujarat, India

Introduction: Small and large intestines are major portion of gastrointestinal tract. So many benign, malignant and congenital disorders arise from there. Benign causes, mainly include inflammatory and infectious disorders. Colon is the most common site for gastrointestinal neoplasia in western populations. Aim: To find out the pattern, frequency and site of non neoplastic lesions affecting intestine with intention that clinicians of this region can be responsive of its incidence. Materials and Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was done at a quaternary care centre from June 2017-October 2019. Total 150 cases were studied, out of those 125 were benign and 25 were malignant cases. Patients of all ages were included with sign and symptoms of intestinal lesions. Results: Majority of specimens were bowel resection 130 (86.7%) and remaining were endoscopic biopsy 20 (13.3%). Majority of lesions were inflammatory lesions (73.34%) followed by malignant lesions (16.66%). Congenital and benign lesions were less common (6% and 4%). Non neoplastic lesions 125 (83.33%) were more common than neoplastic lesions 25 (16.67%). 65.33% lesions were in small intestine and cecum and 34.67% were in colon and rectum. Non specific inflammation was most common type (47.90%). Hirsprung's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis lesions were least common (1.69% and 3.36%) in present study. Conclusion: Accurate macroscopic and microscopic examination of specimens which are associated with clinical data helps to reach at definite goal and can improve quality of life of the patient.