Comparison of the Antimicrobial Activity and Chemical Constituents of the Essential Oil and Hexanic Extract from Chaerophyllum macropodum

The essential oil (obtained by hydrodistillation) and hexane extracts (obtained by Soxhlet apparatus) of Chaerophyllum macropodum (Boiss.) from two different area were analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The essential oil of C. macropodum from Givi (sample A) and Neor (sample B) localities were characterized by a dominant amount of trans-beta-ocimene (22.8% and 21.2%), cis-beta- ocimene (10.0% and 8.5%) and (+) spathulenol (4.4% and 6.0%), respectively. p-cymene (10.3%), gamma-terpinene (9.2%), trans-beta-farnesene (8.2 %) and fenchyl acetate (6.5%) among the 27 components of the total oil in Givi sample were detected. Caryophyllene oxide (9.0%), alpha-pinene (7.1%), beta- caryophyllene (6.6%), myristicin (5.1%) and sabinene (5.0%) were predominated in the oil obtained from Neor sample. In the hexane extracts of sample A and B the following compounds were detected, respectively: linoleic acid (23.2% and 29.2%), 6-octadecenoic acid (20.2% and 6.8%), 9, 12-octadecadienoic acid (8.8% and 9.9%) and E-beta-farnesene (4.6% and 8.7%). Carotol (16.9%) and (-)-beta- acoradiene (5.1%) were the major compound in the organic extract of sample A and germacrene- D (8.8%) and acorenone-B (12.6%) were the major ones in sample B. The constituents of the both oils were different, although the most abundant components are identical in essential oil from A (Givi sample) (99.3%). The antimicrobial activity of essential oils and hexane extracts from C. macropodum were studied according to the agar diffusion cup method. The essential oils had a good effect but the organic extracts had a moderate effect on the some Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.