Taxonomy and spore morphology of genus Adiantum (Vittarioideae; Pteridaceae) from Pakistan

Taxonomy and spore morphology of genus Adiantum (Vittarioideae; Pteridaceae) from Pakistan is illustrated with scanning electron microscopy images based upon the specimens examined in herbaria of Pakistan, United Kingdom, and United States. A total of five species viz. Adiantum capillus-veneris, A. incisum subsp. incisum, A. pedatum subsp. pedatum, A. tibeticum, and A. venustum were reported with the habitat ecology of the species from Pakistan. Spore morphology of the taxa was trilete, triangular in proximal and distal view, ellipsoidal and hemicircular in equatorial view, polar proximal and distal surface was with tuberculate and granulose ornamentation. Highlights Taxonomy and spore morphology of five species of Adiantum from Pakistan. Spore trilete, triangular in proximal and distal view with globose and tuberculate surface. Habitat, ecology, and specimens were examined at multiple herbaria for the correct identification of species.