Residual Mining Pits in Central Part of North Bohemian Brown Coal Basin

The open pit way of mining the brown coal deposit in the North Bohemian Brown Coal Basin has demanded big and large changes of original terrain by the removal of overburden layers over a coal seam. Many original water lakes were destroyed this way in last two centuries. But new lakes have originated in the residual pits of open quarries and on dumps surfaces after the end of mining which have protective (retention), industrial, water supply, and (last but not least) recreational functions. So called hydric reclamation comes to the fore with extinguishing mining activities. Landscape enhancing lakes have originated near inhabited developments to meliorate its ecological functions, aesthetical effect of landscape and architecture. The central part of the North Bohemian Brown Coal Basin is characterised with non-flow water lakes at which the water catchment must be provided to level the evaporation and to enable changing the quality of water. A system of shallow water lakes in the Rudy sever residual pit at the Krusne Hory Mountains foot is an exception where the mountain brooks make the flow rate. Significant number of existing water lakes has been established in residual pits of former open pit mines and it is why large sanitation works have had to be done before filling them in which the rest coal seams should be sealed, to enable an access, and a slope stability security after flooding. Redevelopment works concerning the landscape affected by mining activities are specific with using mining technology by the means of which it is possible to influence the landscape and ecology points of view aiming to full reconstruction of coal basin landscape. The area of former open pit mines is much large than the one on which normal building works take place. Large geo-morphological changes and the interrelating changes of hydro-geological, geo-mechanical, and hydro-chemical regimes in the areas of mining spaces and in protected deposit areas are projected to residual pits final improvement. This requires the rigorous evaluation and incorporation of mining condition, from beginning to liquidation works, in the final project of the way of reconstruction.