Effects of growth regulators on callus induction and secondary metabolite production in Cuminum cyminum

Cumin (Cuminum cyminum) is an annual plant from Apiaceae family that is cultivated in Iran as landraces. The most important chemical composition of the cumin essential oil was cuminaldehyde. In this research, the effect of different landraces and growth regulators was evaluated on callus induction, and best callus was used for amount of cuminaldehyde content. Node, root, leaf and hypocotyl explant from seedlings of Birjand and Qaen landraces were cultured on MS and MS5 medium supplemented with different concentrations of 2, 4-D and Kin. This experiment has been carried out in a completely randomised design with 3 replications. Percentage of callogenesis, callus volume, fresh and dry weight were measured. The best treatment for callus induction was 2.5 mg/L 2, 4-D and 0.5 mg/L Kin in MS5 medium. The best callus result was evaluated for cuminaldehyde content. An amount of 5.7% cuminaldehyde was measured using hydrodistillation method.