Smoking expectancies in smokers and never smokers: An examination of the smoking - Consequences - Questionnaire - Spanish

The factor structure of smoking expectancies was examined in daily smokers and never smokers. Participants completed the Smoking Consequences Questionnaire - Spanish (SCQ - Spanish; [Cepeda-Benito, A., & Reig-Ferrer, A. (2000). Smoking consequences questionnaire - Spanish. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 14, 219-230.]). Using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), the eight-factor structure of the SCQ - Spanish was replicated in smokers only. Except for beliefs about negative-health outcome expectancies, daily smoking rate was strongly associated with all types of smoking outcome expectancies. In comparison to men, women smokers reported greater weight control and negative affect reduction consequences from smoking. An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) suggested a four-factor structure for the scores of never smokers. The findings represent not only the first cross-validation of the SCQ - Spanish but they were also congruent with the notion that first-hand smoking experience is not necessary for the development of multifaceted smoking expectancies. Nonetheless, the finding of a more complex factors structure in smokers than in never smokers is in line with the hypothesis that drug-use expectancies become more complex with drug-use experience. (C) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.