Family studies of borderline personality disorder: A review

This paper reviews the literature examining the psychopathology found in relatives of individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD). Reflecting changes in how BID has been conceptualized, researchers have investigated the prevalence of schizophrenia, then mood disorders, and more recently, impulse spectrum disorders in these relatives. This literature does not support a link between BID and schizophrenia, is ambiguous about a link between BID and major depressive disorder, and suggests a familial aggregation of impulse spectrum disorders and BID, as well as of BID itself. Because of significant methodological problems, most notably indirect assessments and inadequate sample size, major questions persist about the familial aggregation of this disorder that require more definitive methods.