ToA-based multi-target localization and respiration detection using UWB radars

This paper proposes a method of detecting the number of persons in an area, along with their locations and breath patterns, using ultra-wideband (UWB) radars. A time-of-arrival type of location estimation was performed in this study not only using techniques introduced in the existing study results of detecting biomedical signals using a UWB radar but also by applying an initial screening method for redundancy reduction and a maximum likelihood observation-target association technique. This paper also introduces radar measurements conducted under a variety of scenarios and presents the results of applying the proposed algorithm to the measured data. The test results showed that the number of targets was accurately estimated with an average positioning accuracy of 12.7 cm.