Ultrasonograpy of VX-2 liver tumor in rabbit treated by high intensity focused ultrasound combined with microbubble contrast agent

Objective: To assess the value of sonographic appearance and to investigate the sonographic character of VX-2 liver tumor in rabbit treated by high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) combined with microbubble contrast agent. Methods: Forty-five rabbits bearing VX-2 tumors were randomly averagely assigned into three groups. In group A irradiation was sustained until the target region became hyperechoic. In group B therapy was stopped as soon as hyperecho occurred, and in group C irradiation time was prolonged to ensure the occurrence of coagulation necrosis. Results: Exposure duration for tumors treated purely with HIFU was the longest, whilst the use of microbubble contrast agent combined with HIFU shortened the exposure duration significantly. The gross examination and ultrasonogram coagulation necrosis area measurements correlated strongly (r=0.986,P < 0.05) in the microbubble-enhanced HIFU group. Conclusion: It was feasible to enhance HIFU therapy with microbubble contrast agent. The characteristic change in the ultrasound images made it possible to assess the enhanced HIFU therapeutic efficacy in order to adjust the treatment program.