Intradural Ganglioneuroma Mimicking Lumbar Disc Herniation: Case Report

BACKGROUND: Ganglioneuroma (GN) is a slow-growing tumor originating from the neural crest-derived cells, which form the sympathetic nervous system. These tumors can affect anywhere along the peripheral autonomic ganglion sites and are most commonly found in the mediastinum and retroperitoneum. Spinal GNs are extremely rare and, so far, only 1 case arising from a lumbar nerve root has been reported in the English literature. GNs are often asymptomatic, and the majority of them are found incidentally in healthy subjects. Because of their slow growth, symptoms may result from the compressive effect of the tumor. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 40-year-old man presented with a right sciatica episode accompanied by global muscle weakness and tingling pain. Findings of the neurologic examination displayed positive Lasegue test and sensory deficit over L5-S1 dermatomes. Magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbar spine without contrast showed a well-circumscribed longitudinal lesion arising from L5-S1 disc space, moving us toward a diagnosis of lumbar disc herniation. During surgery, we observed a mass well-encapsulated and oval-shaped inside S1 right root. The patient underwent subtotal resection. Histopathologic examination showed clusters of ganglion mature cells with neuromatous stroma, consistent with a ganglioneuroma. CONCLUSIONS: We report a case that illustrates the clinical, radiologic, and histopathologic features of a ganglioneuroma mimicking a lumbosciatica syndrome and review related literature and similar cases.