Family satisfaction in the intensive care unit: The influence of disease severity, care relationship, patient anxiety and patient pain

Background: There is little empirical evidence that can be used to identify factors associated with family satisfaction in the context of the intensive care unit, especially from the perspectives of the patient and patient-family member interactions. Objectives: To explore the influence of disease severity, care relationship, anxiety, and pain of patients on family satisfaction in the intensive care unit. Study design: A cross-sectional descriptive and exploratory study was conducted in the Surgical unit in the Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China. Methods: A total of 227 patients and their family member dyads were included and surveyed. The dependent variable family satisfaction was measured by the Chinese version of the critical care family satisfaction survey. The independent variables included patient characteristics, care relationship, disease severity, patient anxiety, and patient pain. Disease severity was assessed by The Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II. Patient anxiety was measured using the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale. Patient pain was measured with Numeric rating scale. Results: Patients with higher self-rating anxiety scores (OR 0.92, 95% CI 0.87-0.97) were less likely to have higher family satisfaction for their family member dyad. However, those with mild perceived pain (OR 5.21, 95% CI 1.97-13.80) were more likely to have higher family satisfaction for their family member dyad. Disease severity and care relationship showed no significant associations with family satisfaction. Conclusions: Future interventions may include open communication with family members giving explanations regarding the physical and psychological condition of the patient, care delivered and interventions received. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.