Challenges to implementation of the WHO Global Code of Practice on International Recruitment of Health Personnel: the case of Sudan

被引:16
|
作者
Abuagla, Ayat [1 ]
Badr, Elsheikh [2 ]
机构
[1] Fed Minist Hlth, Natl Human Resources Hlth Observ, Baladiya St,POB 978, Khartoum, Sudan
[2] Sudan Med Specializat Board, Khartoum, Sudan
来源
关键词
Health workforce; Migration; Sudan; WHO Code;
D O I
10.1186/s12960-016-0117-8
中图分类号
R19 [保健组织与事业(卫生事业管理)];
学科分类号
摘要
Background: The WHO Global Code of Practice on the International Recruitment of Health Personnel ( hereafter the WHO Code) was adopted by the World Health Assembly in 2010 as a voluntary instrument to address challenges of health worker migration worldwide. To ascertain its relevance and effectiveness, the implementation of the WHO Code needs to be assessed based on country experience; hence, this case study on Sudan. Methods: This qualitative study depended mainly on documentary sources in addition to key informant interviews. Experiences of the authors has informed the analysis. Results: Migration of Sudanese health workers represents a major health system challenge. Over half of Sudanese physicians practice abroad and new trends are showing involvement of other professions and increased feminization. Traditional destinations include Gulf States, especially Saudi Arabia and Libya, as well as the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland. Low salaries, poor work environment, and a lack of adequate professional development are the leading push factors. Massive emigration of skilled health workers has jeopardized coverage and quality of healthcare and health professional education. Poor evidence, lack of a national policy, and active recruitment in addition to labour market problems were barriers for effective migration management in Sudan. Response of destination countries in relation to cooperative arrangements with Sudan as a source country has always been suboptimal, demonstrating less attention to solidarity and ethical dimensions. The WHO Code boosted Sudan's efforts to address health worker migration and health workforce development in general. Improving migration evidence, fostering a national dialogue, and promoting bilateral agreements in addition to catalysing health worker retention strategies are some of the benefits accrued. There are, however, limitations in publicity of the WHO Code and its incorporation into national laws and regulatory frameworks for ethical recruitment. The outlook is bleak for Sudan unless the country designs and implements a robust national policy for migration management and unless prospects for source-destination country collaboration improve within a more sound version of the WHO Code. Conclusions: The WHO Code catalysed some vital steps in managing migration and strengthening the national health workforce in Sudan. Nevertheless, the country has not utilized the full potential of this instrument. Revisions of the WHO Code would benefit much from lessons of its application in the context of developing countries such as Sudan.
引用
下载
收藏
页数:6
相关论文
共 50 条
  • [41] Applied theatre: international case studies and challenges for practice
    Sadeghi-Yekta, Kirsten
    Prendergast, Monica
    STUDIES IN THEATRE AND PERFORMANCE, 2018, 38 (03) : 346 - 347
  • [42] Applied theatre, international case studies and challenges for practice
    Somers, John
    RIDE-THE JOURNAL OF APPLIED THEATRE AND PERFORMANCE, 2011, 16 (03): : 443 - 445
  • [43] Challenges and opportunities in global mental health: a perspective from WHO
    Saxena, S.
    EPIDEMIOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRIC SCIENCES, 2016, 25 (06) : 495 - 498
  • [44] WHO's Global Clinical Practice Network for mental health
    Reed, Geoffrey M.
    Rebello, Tahilia J.
    Pike, Kathleen M.
    Medina-Mora, Maria Elena
    Gureje, Oye
    Zhao, Min
    Dai, Yunfei
    Roberts, Michael C.
    Maruta, Toshimasa
    Matsumoto, Chihiro
    Krasnov, Valery N.
    Kulygina, Maya
    Lovell, Anne M.
    Stona, Anne-Claire
    Sharan, Pratap
    Robles, Rebeca
    Gaebel, Wolfgang
    Zielasek, Juergen
    Khoury, Brigitte
    Mari, Jair de Jesus
    Luis Ayuso-Mateos, Jose
    Evans, Spencer C.
    Kogan, Cary S.
    Saxena, Shekhar
    LANCET PSYCHIATRY, 2015, 2 (05): : 379 - 380
  • [45] The Global Chemists' Code of Ethics: International collaboration as a path to the ethical practice of chemistry
    Hill, Steven
    Jackson, Nancy
    ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, 2016, 252
  • [46] Health Personnel Improvement in the Implementation of Shariah's Ethical Code of Conduct in Tangerang Hospital, Indonesia
    Sulistiadi, Wahyu
    Rahayu, Sri
    Veruswati, Meita
    Asyary, Al
    JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH, 2022, 2022
  • [47] INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS AND MENTAL HEALTH: CHALLENGES FOR LAW AND PRACTICE
    McSherry, Bernadette
    Maker, Yvette
    JOURNAL OF LAW AND MEDICINE, 2018, 25 (02) : 315 - 319
  • [48] Challenges in the implementation of clinical practice guidelines in major public health institutions in Mexico: A multiple case study
    Gutierrez-Alba, Gaudencio
    Angel Gonzalez-Block, Miguel
    Reyes-Morales, Hortensia
    SALUD PUBLICA DE MEXICO, 2015, 57 (06): : 547 - 554
  • [49] Working in global health: A planning and implementation framework for international electives
    Thomas, Sarah T.
    Thomas, Elizabeth T.
    McLean, Michelle
    MEDICAL TEACHER, 2018, 40 (10) : 1055 - 1059
  • [50] The World Health Organisation Global Code of Practice and migration of health workers from Zimbabwe
    Chikanda, Abel
    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT, 2024, 39 (05): : 1658 - 1664