Search for photons with energies above 1018 eV using the hybrid detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory

被引：66

作者：

Aab, A. ^{[70
]}

Abreu, P. ^{[77
,78
]}

Aglietta, M. ^{[54
,55
]}

Al Samarai, I. ^{[35
,36
]}

Albuquerque, I. F. M. ^{[22
]}

Allekotte, I. ^{[1
,2
]}

Almela, A. ^{[13
,17
]}

Alvarez Castillo, J. ^{[69
]}

Alvarez-Muniz, J. ^{[88
]}

Anastasi, G. A. ^{[45
]}

Anchordoqui, L. ^{[92
]}

Andrada, B. ^{[13
]}

Andringa, S. ^{[77
,78
]}

Aramo, C. ^{[52
]}

Arqueros, F. ^{[85
]}

Arsene, N. ^{[81
]}

Asorey, H. ^{[1
,2
,30
]}

Assis, P. ^{[77
,78
]}

Aublin, J. ^{[35
,36
]}

Avila, G. ^{[14
,15
,16
]}

Badescu, A. M. ^{[82
]}

Balaceanu, A. ^{[79
]}

Barreira Luz, R. J. ^{[77
,78
]}

Beatty, J. J. ^{[97
]}

Becker, K. H. ^{[38
]}

Bellido, J. A. ^{[18
]}

Berat, C. ^{[37
]}

Bertaina, M. E. ^{[54
,63
]}

Bertou, X. ^{[1
,2
]}

Biermann, P. L. ^{[104
]}

Billoir, P. ^{[35
,36
]}

Biteau, J. ^{[34
]}

Blaess, S. G. ^{[18
]}

Blanco, A. ^{[77
,78
]}

Blazek, J. ^{[31
]}

Bleve, C. ^{[50
,57
]}

Bohacova, M. ^{[31
]}

Boncioli, D. ^{[47
,106
]}

Bonifazi, C. ^{[28
]}

Borodai, N. ^{[74
]}

Botti, A. M. ^{[13
,40
]}

Brack, J. ^{[91
]}

Brancus, I. ^{[79
]}

Bretz, T. ^{[42
]}

Bridgeman, A. ^{[40
]}

Briechle, F. L. ^{[42
]}

Buchholz, P. ^{[44
]}

Bueno, A. ^{[86
,87
]}

Buitink, S. ^{[70
]}

Buscemi, M. ^{[49
,59
]}

机构：

[1] Ctr Atom Bariloche, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina

[2] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, Inst Balseiro CNEA, UNCuyo, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina

[3] CITEDEF, Ctr Invest Laseres & Aplicac, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina

[4] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina

[5] Univ Buenos Aires, Dept Fis, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina

[6] Univ Buenos Aires, Dept Ciencias Atmosfera & Oceanos, FCEyN, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina

[7] Univ Nacl La Plata, IFLP, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina

[8] CONICET UBA, IAFE, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina

[9] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, UNR, IFIR, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina

[10] UNR, Fac Ciencias Bioquim & Farmaceut, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina

[11] UNSAM, CONICET, Inst Tecnol Detecc & Astroparticulas CNEA, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina

[12] Univ Tecnol Nacl, Fac Reg Mendoza, CONICET, CNEA, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina

[13] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, UNSAM, Inst Tecnol Detecc & Astroparticulas CNEA, Ctr Atom Constituyentes,Comis Nacl Energia Atom, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina

[14] Observ Pierre Auger, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina

[15] Observ Pierre Auger, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina

[16] Comis Nacl Energia Atom, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina

[17] Univ Tecnol Nacl, Fac Reg Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina

[18] Univ Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia

[19] CBPF, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil

[20] Univ Sao Paulo, Escola Engn Lorena, Sao Paulo, Brazil

[21] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis Sao Carlos, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil

[22] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, Sao Paulo, Brazil

[23] Univ Estadual Campinas UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil

[24] Univ Estadual Feira Santana UEFS, Sao Paulo, Brazil

[25] Univ Fed Pelotas, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil

[26] UFABC, Sao Paulo, Brazil

[27] Univ Fed Parana, Setor Palotina, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil

[28] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Fis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

[29] Univ Fed Fluminense, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil

[30] Univ Ind Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia

[31] Acad Sci Czech Republ, Inst Phys FZU, Prague, Czech Republic

[32] Palacky Univ, RCPTM, Prague, Czech Republic

[33] Univ Prague, Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, Prague, Czech Republic

[34] Univ Paris Saclay, Univ Paris Sud, CNRS IN2P3, IPNO, Paris, France

[35] Univ Paris 06, LPNHE, Paris, France

[36] Univ Paris 07, CNRS IN2P3, Paris, France

[37] Univ Grenoble Alpes, LPSC, CNRS IN2P3, Grenoble, France

[38] Berg Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, Wuppertal, Germany

[39] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Expt Kernphys IEKP, Karlsruhe, Germany

[40] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Kernphys IKP, Karlsruhe, Germany

[41] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, IPE, Karlsruhe, Germany

[42] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst A 3, Aachen, Germany

[43] Univ Hamburg, Inst Theoret Phys 2, Hamburg, Germany

[44] Univ Siegen, Fachbereich Phys Expt Teilchenphys 7, Siegen, Germany

[45] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Gran Sasso Sci Inst, Laquila, Italy

[46] INAF, Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm Palermo, Palermo, Italy

[47] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Gran Sasso, Rome, Italy

[48] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Grp Collegato Aquila, Laquila, Italy

[49] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Catania, Catania, Italy

[50] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Lecce, Lecce, Italy

来源：

JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS | 2017年 / 04期

基金：

美国国家科学基金会; 巴西圣保罗研究基金会; 澳大利亚研究理事会;

关键词：

ultra high energy cosmic rays; cosmic ray experiments; ULTRA-HIGH ENERGY; PROPAGATION;

D O I：

10.1088/1475-7516/2017/04/009

中图分类号：

P1 [天文学];

学科分类号：

0704 ;

摘要：

A search for ultra-high energy photons with energies above 1 EeV is performed using nine years of data collected by the Pierre Auger Observatory in hybrid operation mode. An unprecedented separation power between photon and hadron primaries is achieved by combining measurements of the longitudinal air-shower development with the particle content at ground measured by the fluorescence and surface detectors, respectively. Only three photon candidates at energies 1{2 EeV are found, which is compatible with the expected hadron-induced background. Upper limits on the integral flux of ultra-high energy photons of 0.027, 0.009, 0.008, 0.008 and 0.007 km(-2) sr(-1) yr(-1) are derived at 95% C.L. for energy thresholds of 1, 2, 3, 5 and 10 EeV. These limits bound the fractions of photons in the all-particle integral flux below 0.1%, 0.15%, 0.33%, 0.85% and 2.7%. For the first time the photon fraction at EeV energies is constrained at the sub-percent level. The improved limits are below the flux of diffuse photons predicted by some astrophysical scenarios for cosmogenic photon production. The new results rule-out the early top-down models in which ultra-high energy cosmic rays are produced by, e.g., the decay of super-massive particles and challenge the most recent super-heavy dark matter models.

引用

页数：22

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