Risk assessment of some PCDDs, PCDFs, dioxin-like PCBs, and PCBs in contaminated dairy products: An Egyptian pilot case study

Samples of butter, cream, and white cheese were collected from the city of Ismailia, Egypt, and analyzed for polychloro dibenzo-p-dioxins, pentachloro dibenzo-p-furans, and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyl, PCBs. Butter samples had the highest mean content of PCDD/F and dioxin-like PCBs. Butter samples were the most contaminated samples in all dairy products analyzed in this study, whereas white cheese samples were the least contaminated. The spectrum of congeners detected in butter and cream were similar, with all congeners at detectable levels, whereas the spectrum of congeners detected in white cheese differed, with some congeners, namely 1,2,3,4,7,8- Hexa CDD, 1,2,3,4,6,7,8- Hepta CDD, and 1,2,3,7,8,9-Hexa CDD below WHO TE toxicity levels. 1,2,3,7,7- PeCDD, with its high concentration, was the principal contributor to the TEQ intake in both cream and butter samples. Similarly, the high concentration of 2,3,4,7,8- PeCDF in cream, butter, and white cheese samples was the main factor contributing to their TEQ intake. Estimated intakes of PCDDs/Fs were 129.2, 115.8, and 51.25 pg ViTHO-TEQ/day for butter, cream, and white cheese, respectively. Taking into account the sum of PCDDs/Fs and dioxin-like PCBs, estimated intakes were, 171.7, 155.8, and 68 pg ViTHO-TEQ/day, for butter, cream, and white cheese, respectively. Assuming an average bodyweight of 60 kg (WHO-TEQ/kg), these levels correspond to bodyweight-normalized intake levels of .15,2.92 and 0.95 pg'vMO-TEQ/kg/day.