Study of Differential Fiber Bragg Grating Seepage Pressure Sensor

In order to accurate measurement of seepage water pressure in soil, according to the pressure sensor characteristic of bellows, and the strain sensor characteristic of triangle cantilever beam and FBG, a differential fiber Bragg grating sensor is designed. The bellows generate axial displacement under the action of osmotic pressure, then the axial displacement passes to the triangle cantilever beam, and the triangle cantilever beam generates a deflection change. The deflection change makes the FBG generate axial displacement. The pressure is obtained by detecting the difference between the center wavelengths of the FBG. And the effects of environmental changes are also reduced by using a differential structure. In the process of booster, calibration experiments show that the pressure sensitivity of the sensor is 11.96 pm/kPa, its linearity is about 1.3%, the repeatability is 2.9% FS; in the process of decompression, the pressure sensitivity of the sensor is 10.56pm/kPa, its linearity is about 4.6%, the repeatability is 1.9% FS. And the environmental temperature change influence on measurement results lower than 1%. The results show that, the osmotic pressure of fiber grating sensor to a small range within the scope of the osmotic pressure can be measured accurately. It also can generalize to the large range of measurement by changing the parameters of bellows and equal strength beam.