Feminist cartography and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal on gender equality: Emotional responses to three thematic maps

被引:7
|
作者
Pirani, N. [1 ]
Ricker, B. A. [1 ,2 ]
Kraak, M. J. [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Twente, Fac Geoinformat Sci & Earth Observ, Enschede, Netherlands
[2] Univ Utrecht, Copernicus Inst Sustainable Dev, Utrecht, Netherlands
来源
关键词
affect; cartography; emotion; thematic maps; cartographie; cartes thematiques; CLIMATE-CHANGE; COMMUNICATION; POLITICS;
D O I
10.1111/cag.12575
中图分类号
P9 [自然地理学]; K9 [地理];
学科分类号
0705 ; 070501 ;
摘要
Thematic maps facilitate spatial understanding of patterns and exceptions. Cognitive ability, spatial cognition, and emotional state are related, yet there is little research about map readers' emotions. Feminist critiques of cartography recognize emotion and affect as legitimate experiences on par with quantitative ways of knowing. We conducted an online survey to measure users' affective states before and after engaging with three thematic map types. The maps showed data from the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal to achieve gender equality, on the proportion of girls and women aged 15 to 49 who have undergone female genital mutilation/cutting. Participants viewed a choropleth, a cartogram, and a repeating icon tile map; completed map-related tasks; rated certain map qualities; rated their affective states before and after engaging with the maps; and answered open-ended questions. The maps piqued curiosity and evoked emotions for most users, while some users perceived the thematic maps as clinical or neutral despite the sensitive topic. After viewing the maps, female participants who were affected expressed deeper engagement in their open-ended comments than males. Traditionally, cartography construes the human experience as male experience and denies or trivializes women's experiences. Our findings corroborate feminist critiques of this disembodiment and entrenched rational rhetoric of maps. La cartographie feministe et l'objectif de developpement durable des Nations Unies sur l'egalite entre les genres: les reactions emotionnelles a trois cartes thematiquesLes cartes thematiques facilitent la comprehension spatiale des schemas types et des exceptions. Il y a pourtant tres peu de recherches au sujet des emotions des lecteurs de cartes, notamment sur la capacite cognitive, la cognition spatiale et l'etat emotif qui sont tous relies. Les critiques feministes de la cartographie reconnaissent l'emotion et l'affect comme etant des experiences legitimes au meme niveau que les facons quantitatives d'apprendre. Dans cette optique, nous avons effectue un sondage en ligne afin de mesurer l'etat affectif des utilisateurs avant et apres avoir consulte trois types de cartes thematiques. Les cartes affichaient des donnees associees a l'objectif de developpement durable des Nations Unies pour realiser l'egalite entre les genres, soit des cartes sur la proportion de filles et de femmes agees de 15 a 49 ans qui ont subi une mutilation des organes genitaux feminins (excision). Les participants ont examine une carte choroplethe, un cartogramme et une carte carrelee d'icones repetitives, puis ils ont effectue des taches reliees aux cartes, evalue certaines qualites des cartes, estime leur etat affectif avant et apres avoir consulte les cartes et repondu a diverses questions ouvertes. En consequence, les cartes ont pique la curiosite et evoque des emotions chez la plupart des utilisateurs, bien que certains utilisateurs aient percu les cartes thematiques comme etant neutres malgre le theme sensible represente. Apres avoir consulte les cartes, les participantes qui ont ete troublees ont exprime un engagement plus profond dans leurs commentaires ouverts que les hommes. Traditionnellement, la cartographie interprete les experiences humaines comme etant des experiences masculines et refutent ou banalisent les experiences feminines. Nos conclusions corroborent les critiques feministes de cette desincarnation et de la rhetorique rationnaliste sur les cartes. Key Messages We researched users' emotional states before and after interacting with three map types visualizing data about female genital mutilation/cutting from the Sustainable Development Goals. We found that maps evoked users' emotions, but some users found the maps to be clinical and neutral despite the sensitive phenomenon they portrayed. Our findings support feminist critiques of existing cartographic methods as rational, disembodied science.
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页码:184 / 198
页数:15
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