A grid-guided particle swarm optimizer for multimodal multi-objective problems

This paper proposes a grid-guided particle swarm optimizer for solving multimodal multi-objective optimization problems that may have multiple disjoint Pareto sets corresponding to the same Pareto front. The concept of grid in the decision space is adopted to detect the special promising subregions, and accordingly to generate multiple subpopulations. The grid-guided technique can maintain the diversity of the population during the search process and improve the search efficiency. To obtain a well distributed Pareto optimal set, an external archive maintenance strategy is employed to select and store the solutions found in each generation. In addition, nine new multimodal multi-objective benchmark test functions are designed. The proposed algorithm is compared with ten state-of-the-art evolutionary algorithms on thirty-seven test functions. Moreover, the proposed algorithm is applied to solve a real-world problem. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is able to achieve superior performance compared with the alternative evolutionary methods considered. (C) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.