Predictors of screening for breast and colorectal cancer among middle-aged women

Background and Objectives: Rates of breast and colorectal cancer screenings among women in the United States fall below current guidelines set forth by the American Cancer Society and Healthy People 2010. This study examined predictors of breast and colorectal cancer screening behaviors among women patients (ages 50-75) at a university-based family practice clinic. Methods: A random sample of 600 women patients were sent a comprehensive written questionnaire assessing demographic characteristics and breast and colorectal cancer screening behaviors and beliefs via the US Postal Service. Results: Rates of clinical breast examinations, mammography, fecal occult blood testing, and sigmoidoscopy/colonoscopy exceeded national and state trends. A greater proportion of women reported receiving breast cancer information as compared to colorectal cancer information. Receiving information from one's physician was significantly related to having had a clinical breast examination, a fecal occult blood test, and sigmoidoscopy/colonoscopy. Significant predictors of fecal occult blood testing included lower perceived barriers, married, receiving information from physician, and greater perceived benefits. Significant predictors of sigmoidoscopy/colonoscopy included receiving information from physician, lower perceived barriers, and advanced age. Conclusions: The family physician can play an instrumental role in encouraging patients to adhere to current breast and colorectal cancer screening guidelines.