Multiscale fluid mechanics and modeling

In recent years, there has been a tremendous growth of activity on multiscale modeling and computation. In particular, the multiscale hybrid numerical methods are those that combine multiple models defined at fundamentally different length and time scales within the same overall spatial and temporal domain. For examples, a framework of hybrid continuum and molecular dynamics multiscale method has been developed to simulate micro-and nanoscale fluid flows, which combines the continuum computational fluid dynamics (CFD) or the mesoscopic lattice Boltzmann method for the bulk flow region and the atomistic molecular dynamics for the interface region. The similar idea of constrained variation has also been used in developing multiscale fluid turbulent models for constrained dynamic subgrid-scale stress model, Reynolds stress constrained large eddy simulation (RSC-LES) for wall-bounded turbulent flows with massive separation and heat flux constrained large eddy simulation. For RSC-LES, our model is able to solve the traditional log-layer mismatch problem in RANS/LES approaches and can predict mean velocity, turbulent stress and skin friction coefficients more accurate than pure dynamic large eddy models and traditional detached eddy simulation using the same grid resolution. Our results demonstrate the capability of multiscale simulation methods for complex fluid systems and the necessity of physical constraints on the multiscale methods. (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier Ltd.