Protecting Half the Planet and Transforming Human Systems Are Complementary Goals

被引:17
|
作者
Crist, Eileen [1 ]
Kopnina, Helen [2 ,3 ]
Cafaro, Philip [4 ]
Gray, Joe [5 ]
Ripple, William J. [6 ]
Safina, Carl [7 ]
Davis, John [8 ]
DellaSala, Dominick A. [9 ]
Noss, Reed F. [10 ]
Washington, Haydn [11 ]
Rolston III, Holmes [4 ]
Taylor, Bron [12 ]
Orlikowska, Ewa H. [13 ]
Heister, Anja [14 ]
Lynn, William S. [15 ]
Piccolo, John J. [16 ]
机构
[1] Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA
[2] Hague Univ Appl Sci, The Hague, Netherlands
[3] Northumbria Univ, Newcastle Business Sch, Newcastle Upon Tyne, England
[4] Colorado State Univ, Dept Philosophy, Ft Collins, CO USA
[5] Ecol Citizen, London, England
[6] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR USA
[7] SUNY Stony Brook, Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Stony Brook, NY USA
[8] Rewilding Inst, Albuquerque, NM USA
[9] Geos Inst, Ashland, OR USA
[10] Florida Inst Conservat Sci, Melrose, FL USA
[11] Univ New South Wales, Earth & Sustainabil Sci Res Ctr, Kensington, NSW, Australia
[12] Univ Florida, Dept Relig, Gainesville, FL USA
[13] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Sch Forest Management, Uppsala, Sweden
[14] Footloose Montana, Missoula, MT USA
[15] Clark Univ, George Perkins Marsh Inst, Worcester, MA USA
[16] Karlstad Univ, Dept Environm & Life Sci, Karlstad, Sweden
来源
关键词
Nature Needs Half; mass extinction; climate change; inclusive justice; degrowth; rights of nature; NATURE NEEDS HALF; WHOLE EARTH; BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION; HUMAN-POPULATION; FUTURE; DEFORESTATION; MEAT;
D O I
10.3389/fcosc.2021.761292
中图分类号
X176 [生物多样性保护];
学科分类号
090705 ;
摘要
The unfolding crises of mass extinction and climate change call for urgent action in response. To limit biodiversity losses and avert the worst effects of climate disruption, we must greatly expand nature protection while simultaneously downsizing and transforming human systems. The conservation initiative Nature Needs Half (or Half Earth), calling for the conservation of half the Earth's land and seas, is commensurate with the enormous challenges we face. Critics have objected to this initiative as harboring hardship for people near protected areas and for failing to confront the growth economy as the main engine of global ecological destruction. In response to the first criticism, we affirm that conservation policies must be designed and implemented in collaboration with Indigenous and local communities. In response to the second criticism, we argue that protecting half the Earth needs to be complemented by downscaling and reforming economic life, humanely and gradually reducing the global population, and changing food production and consumption. By protecting nature generously, and simultaneously contracting and transforming the human enterprise, we can create the conditions for achieving justice and well-being for both people and other species. If we fail to do so, we instead accept a chaotic and impoverished world that will be dangerous for us all.
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页数:9
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