Research on 4WIS Electric Vehicle Path Tracking Control Based on Adaptive Fuzzy PID Algorithm

Solving the path-tracking problem of vehicles is a key part of realizing intelligent transportation. The four-wheel-independent-steering (4WIS) electric vehicle (EV) with steer-by-wire (SBW) has the advantages of good controllability, low speed maneuverability and high speed stability, which is beneficial to improving the path tracking performance. In this paper, a novel 4WIS electric vehicle is proposed and the path tracking control research was carried out on it by using the adaptive fuzzy PID algorithm. Firstly, the four-wheel steering strategy was analyzed, and the geometric relationship between the front and rear steering angle when the vehicle's centroid angle is zero was derived. Furthermore, based on the principle of adaptive fuzzy PID control and the single-step heading prediction algorithm, a path-tracking controller was designed for the self-built 4WIS EV. A Simulink/Carsim co-simulation platform was built, on which the simulation was carried out at different condition, and the simulation results show that the designed adaptive fuzzy PID controller has good path-tracking performance and strong robustness. Finally, the serpentine trajectory and the double lane change (DLC) trajectory are taken as the reference trajectory, and the reliability and robustness of the designed adaptive fuzzy PID control algorithm were verified on the open road. The results show that the adaptive fuzzy PID control algorithm has good tracking performance and is far superior to pure PID control.