Charging cost minimisation by centralised controlled charging of electric vehicles

With the recent breakthroughs in battery technology and large scale production, electric vehicles (EVs) are becoming cheaper. In a few years, mass deployment of EVs will put severe stress on the electricity network. Charging of EV during peak hours may overload the distribution grid transformer, and EV owners may have to pay more money for electricity during peak hours. To address these issues, a coordinated scheduling model is proposed in this paper. A mathematical model is formulated to minimise the charging cost of each EV while satisfying the constraints. In this work, time of use (ToU) tariff from the utility and actual power demand from household and EVs are used to conduct simulation for one week in summer and winter season with different levels of EV penetration. The results demonstrate that the proposed scheduling model can significantly reduce the charging cost for the EV owner and power peaks in the distribution network.