Landslide Possibilities using Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System (GIS)

There are a lot of landslides occur in Malaysia and one of the landslide prone areas in Malaysia is Ulu Kelang. Integration of satellite remote sensing data which is called ArcGIS software is one of the applicable software to detect the landslide mapping and identification of high landslide risk in a certain area. Since 1993, several landslides have been reported in Ulu Kelang, Malaysia. These landslides would cause the property damaged and economic losses. The landslides cause which are geological covering the aspect such as rainfall, hilly areas, highland areas, morphological, physical and human causes. These are the major role in inducing the landslides in the study area. The objective of this research is to analyse and validate the data of the soil moisture index (SMI), temperature index (LST) and water index (NDWI) from the remote sensing Landsat Images with the electronic tool devices. There are two methods for this research paper which are by using a remote sensing and a ground-based measurement. The remote sensing software is ArcGIS. The U.S Geological Survey, USGS in coordination with NASA operates and distributes data from Landsat satellites and provides access to the space-based land remote sensing data. The ground-based measurement method, the electronic tool devices are called as LCD Soil Tester Meter and Digital Temperature Humidity Time Display. These devices are to detect the moisture of the soil, calculate the surrounding's temperature & humidity. Also, the rainfall data has been taken for supporting the water index information. The results of the three specified parameters; soil moisture, temperature and water index; SMI, LST and NDWI shown the more moisture of the soil, the more the tendency of the landslides to occur. This research founds out that the lower the temperature, the higher possibilities on occurrences of the landslides. While, the NDWI results are depends on the data rainfall. The higher the distribution of the rainfall leads the higher possibilities on the landslide's occurrences.