Antibiogram and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Bacterial Isolates from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Kerala

BACKGROUND An antibiogram is an overall profile of the antibiotic susceptibility of an organism to a collection of antimicrobial agents routinely tested and used. Most hospitals issue once a year an antibiogram, which is a summary of the most important antibiotic resistance pattern of that hospital. This study aims to develop an antibiogram for a tertiary care hospital through a retrospective analysis. We also wanted to determine the antimicrobial resistance pattern of bacterial isolates from different clinical samples. METHODS This is a retrospective, hospital record-based study conducted at the Department of Microbiology in a tertiary care hospital from February 2018 to July 2018. A total of 890 samples (193 pus samples, 225 sputum samples 59 blood samples and 413 urine samples) was isolated and tested for antibiotic susceptibility by Kirby-Bauer disc-diffusion method according to CLSI guidelines. WHONET software is used for the preparation of antibiogram report. RESULT The most frequently isolated species from pus samples were Gram positive cocci (42 %) which shows highest sensitivity to Linezolid (93.5 %). Among the urine samples, E. coli was the predominant isolate, which shows highest sensitivity towards Chloramphenicol (95.4 %) and Meropenem (92.8 %). In the 225 sputum samples, NFGNB (Non-Fermented Gram-Negative Bacteria) (37 %) was the most frequently isolated species which shows highest sensitivity towards Chloramphenicol. Out of the 59 blood samples, NFGNB shows highest sensitivity towards Linezolid (100 %). CONCLUSION This hospital-based data will help to implement better infection-control strategies and improve the knowledge of antibiotic resistance pattern in our region.