ROLE OF INFLAMMASOME IN THE GENESIS OF HEAD AND NECK CANCER

Inflammation is a multistemic response to external or internal stimuli that lead to a biochemical response for repair. Chronic inflammation modifies the expression of proteins and DNA causing diseases such as cancer. PAMPs and DAMPs act as exogenous and endogenous signaling patterns in infection-related microenvironments. These signaling mechanisms are effectors of inflammation activation. This intracellular multiproteic complex has inflammation recognition patterns and promotes caspase-1 activation, which induce the activation of cytokines IL-1B and IL-18. The formation of NLRP3, ASC and procaspase-1 proteins is required for inflammation activation. In cancer, inflammations facilitate mood immunity by inducing oncogenic factors. This association has to do with the action of IL-1b. In squamous cell carcinoma the expression of components such as NLPR3, ASC, IL 1b and caspasa-1 is increased and marks a specific distribution in oropharynx tissue. The role of the NLRP3 protein has been the most studied as responsible for the process of oligomerization of inflammation, high levels of expression in epithelial tissue and in the development of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. It has also been associated with the activation of inflammation in the tumor tissue of squamous cell carcinoma of nasopharynx.