On the (Im)possibilities of a Free Theatre: Theatre Against Development in Palestine

The focus of this article is a critical evaluation of the impact of international development and conflict-resolution funding on theatre in the Occupied Palestinian Territories. The article complicates the predominant narrative of theatre as 'cultural resistance' in conflict zones by historicizing the Ford Foundation's role in the institutionalization of Palestinian drama; delineating the effects of neo-liberal state building and development on Palestinian modes of performance; and subsequently, analysing the Freedom Theatre's imbrication in a normative, humanitarian logic. Aid, while ensuring the material conditions for the growth of the Palestinian performing arts, promoted a structural dependency that emptied the language of anti-colonial resistance of emancipatory potential, generating a soft, phantom sovereignty for the audience of the international community. By reimagining 'freedom' as liberation from a backward, conservative society, the language of the human rights industry and its attendant cultural economy spawns a spectral 'cultural resistance' where freedom and nationhood appear real and unreal - visions refracting, but not existing in, reality.