[1] Hokkaido Univ Hosp, Emergency & Crit Care Ctr, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
[2] Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Med, Div Emergency & Crit Care Med, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
[3] Chiba Univ, Grad Sch Med, Dept Emergency & Crit Care Med, Chiba, Japan
[4] Oita Univ, Dept Anesthesiol & Intens Care Med, Fac Med, Oita, Japan
[5] Iwate Med Univ, Dept Crit Care Med, Morioka, Iwate, Japan
[6] Tokyo Womens Med Univ, Dept Anesthesiol & Intens Care Med, Tokyo, Japan
[7] Osaka Gen Med Ctr, Dept Emergency & Crit Care, Osaka, Japan
[8] Kochi Med Sch, Dept Anesthesiol & Intens Care Med, Kochi, Japan
[9] Asahi Kasei Pharma Co, Clin Dev Ctr, Tokyo, Japan